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2:00

🚨 Rapid Trauma Assessment

The 2-Minute Protocol — Scene to Rescue in 10 Minutes

📋 Lab Scenario Standard: 10 minutes to complete — identify trauma alert, treat life threats, package and move patient

⏱ Phase 1 — On Scene

On-Scene Rapid Assessment

Goal: Identify Trauma Alert Within 2 Minutes

1On arrival, immediately assess patient presentation, positioning, and scene
2Identify and delegate treatment of immediate life threats — tourniquet, chest seal, c-spine
3Determine GCS and manually check pulse
4Apply c-collar while partner holds c-spine
5Perform rapid head-to-toe assessment for life threats
6Obtain basic EMT-level vitals: pulse, airway, breathing
7Call trauma alert within 2 minutes of patient contact
🚫Do NOT apply the Lifepack monitor on scene — package and move first

🚑 Phase 2 — In-Rescue

In-Rescue Advanced Care

Goal: Advanced Evaluation & Treatment Enroute

📦 Patient Packaging & Transfer

Transition patient onto long board or scoop stretcher
Move patient into rescue truck
Begin transport to appropriate Level 1 Trauma Facility

🔍 Secondary Assessment Enroute

Detailed head-to-toe evaluation
Apply Lifepack monitor for advanced vitals
Reassess all injuries more thoroughly
SAMPLE history if patient is responsive

💉 Advanced Medical Interventions

Establish IV/IO access (large bore × 2)
Administer medications as indicated
Advanced airway interventions if needed (RSI, BVM, King, ETT)
Apply formal splinting
Reassess interventions continuously

🚨 MOVE PATIENT TO RESCUE TRUCK

Scene Time Goal: 10 Minutes or Less | Load and Go — Treat Enroute

⚡ Immediate Life-Threat Interventions (Do These on Scene)

🩸 Tourniquet
Hemorrhage Control

🫁 Chest Seal
Open Chest Wounds

🦺 C-Collar
Placement

🔒 C-Spine
Stabilization

✋ Manual Pressure
Hemorrhage Control

🫀 CPR
Pulseless Patient

🚨 Trauma Alert Criteria

Call trauma alert if ANY of the following are present:

GCS ≤ 13 or altered mental status

SBP < 90 mmHg in adults

RR < 10 or > 29 breaths/min

Penetrating injury to head, neck, torso

Flail chest or open chest wound

Two or more long bone fractures

Pelvic fracture suspected

Amputation proximal to wrist/ankle

Spinal injury with deficits

Burns > 20% BSA or airway burns

High-energy mechanism (MVC > 40 mph, fall > 20 ft)

Uncontrolled external hemorrhage

🧠 Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)

Component	Response	Score
Eye Opening	Spontaneous	4
	To voice	3
	To pain	2
	None	1
Verbal	Oriented	5
	Confused	4
	Words only	3
	Sounds only	2
	None	1
Motor	Obeys commands	6
	Localizes pain	5
	Withdraws from pain	4
	Abnormal flexion (decorticate)	3
	Extension (decerebrate)	2
	None	1

GCS 15 = Normal

GCS 9–14 = Moderate TBI

GCS ≤ 8 = Severe TBI — Manage Airway

GCS ≤ 13 = Trauma Alert

💀 Trauma Triad of Death

The lethal combination that kills trauma patients. Prevent all three — transport early, warm the patient, control bleeding.

🌡️ Hypothermia

Core temp < 35°C. Impairs clotting enzymes and cardiac function. Cover patient, warm fluids, minimize exposure time.

🧪 Acidosis

pH < 7.35 from hypoperfusion and anaerobic metabolism. Correct with hemorrhage control, airway management, and transport.

🩸 Coagulopathy

Inability to form clots. Worsened by hypothermia and acidosis. Control with TXA, pressure, tourniquet, and early surgery.

🚑 Load & Go vs. Stay & Play

🏃 Load & Go (Trauma)

Penetrating trauma
Hemorrhagic shock
Uncontrolled internal bleeding
GCS ≤ 13
Airway compromise
Scene time ≤ 10 minutes
Definitive care = OR, not the field

⏸ Stay & Play (Limited)

Cardiac arrest (medical)
Entrapment requiring extrication
Airway that cannot be managed moving
Isolated extremity injuries
Only when transport will take longer than treatment